표준 Auditing
S SYS> alter system set audit_trail=db scope=spfile;
System altered.
S SYS> shutdown immediate;
S SYS> audit all on scott.emp;
Audit succeeded.
S SCOTT> update emp set sal=sal*2 where ename='SCOTT';
1 row updated.
S SCOTT> commit;
S SCOTT> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
S SYS> desc aud$
select versions_starttime,versions_endtime,ename,sal
from scott.emp
versions between timestamp
minvalue and maxvalue
where
not(versions_endtime is null and versions_starttime is null)
order by
versions_endtime
/
Value_base Auditing by trigger
TDE->VPD->FGA
TDE(Transparent Database Encryption) 데이터 파일 암호화
http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/10gr2_db_single/security/tde/tde_otn.htm
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conn system/oracle
create table system.AUDIT_EMPLOYEES(osuser varchar2(32),date1 date,
ip varchar2(32),audit_trail varchar2(37));
create or replace trigger system.hrsalary_audit
after update of salary
on hr.employees
referencing new as n old as o
for each row
begin
if :o.salary != :n.salary then
insert into system.audit_employees
values(sys_context('userenv','os_user'),sysdate,
sys_context('userenv','ip_address'),
:n.employee_id|| ' salary changed from ' ||
:o.salary || ' to ' || :n.salary);
end if;
end;
/