DB스토리

Interactive client

ex)   RMAN> data datafile 4;

Batch mode

 ex)   [oracle@orcl ~]$ rman target / cmdfile=showall.rcv log=c2.log

Pipe interface

외부 프로그램이 명령을 실행

stand-alone command

 RMAN> data datafile 4;

Job(Run) command

 RMAN> run {
       allocate channel x device type disk;
       backup datafile 4;
       }

Rman 명령어

restore

ex) resotre datafile 4;

recover

ex) recover datafile 4;

flashback

ex) flashback database to scn 23123123;

flashback database to time "to_time('~~')";

report

ex) report obsolete;

list

ex) list backup of database;

crosscheck   <- 실제 파일과  backupRepository간 비교함. backupRepository를 update함(unavalible).

->delete obsolete 하면 실제 파일이 없는 backupset은 backupRepository에서 삭제함.

ex) crosscheck backupset;

delete obsolete

ex) delete obsolete;

delete expired

ex) delete expired backup;

change

 RMAN> backup as backupset format '/disk2/backup/exampleTs%f.bus' tablespace example;

[oracle@orcl backup]$ ls
exampleTs5.bus  orcl_ORCL_10_1.bus  orcl_ORCL_11_1.bus
[oracle@orcl backup]$ rm -r exampleTs5.bus

 RMAN> crosscheck backupset;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=146 devtype=DISK
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/disk2/backup/orcl_ORCL_10_1.bus recid=5 stamp=689786915
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/disk2/backup/orcl_ORCL_11_1.bus recid=6 stamp=689787032
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2009_06_17/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20090617T161419_53k5yckx_.bkp recid=7 stamp=689789659
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2009_06_17/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20090617T161513_53k6023m_.bkp recid=8 stamp=689789714
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2009_06_17/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20090617T161805_53k65fd1_.bkp recid=9 stamp=689789885
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/disk2/backup/exampleTs5.bus recid=10 stamp=689872136
Crosschecked 6 objects

RMAN> delete expired backup;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

List of Backup Pieces
BP Key  BS Key  Pc# Cp# Status      Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
10      10      1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /disk2/backup/exampleTs5.bus

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/disk2/backup/exampleTs5.bus recid=10 stamp=689872136
Deleted 1 EXPIRED objects

 --RMAN backup types

 RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database;

 RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database;

 RMAN> list backupset of database;

List of Backup Sets
===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
12      Full    298.09M    DISK        00:01:46     18-JUN-09
        BP Key: 12   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20090618T160521
        Piece Name: /disk2/backup/ORCL_22_1_13.bus
  List of Datafiles in backup set 12
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_50sxqqv0_.dbf
  2       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_52d4tltd_.dbf
  3       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_50sxqqvn_.dbf
  4       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_53mk33rr_.dbf
  5       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_53mht8l0_.dbf
  6       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts1_519t7p0h_.dbf
  7       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts1_519tbfc4_.dbf
  8       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_rcat_ts_53k2b11h_.dbf
  9       Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_5316d4z3_.dbf
  13      Full 11485860   18-JUN-09 /home/oracle/disk2/ORCL/datafile/myts_reorg0.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
14      Incr 0  298.27M    DISK        00:02:12     19-JUN-09
        BP Key: 14   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20090619T133642
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2009_06_19/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20090619T133642_53p5gv9b_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 14
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_50sxqqv0_.dbf
  2    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_52d4tltd_.dbf
  3    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_50sxqqvn_.dbf
  4    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_53mk33rr_.dbf
  5    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_53mht8l0_.dbf
  6    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts1_519t7p0h_.dbf
  7    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts1_519tbfc4_.dbf
  8    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_rcat_ts_53k2b11h_.dbf
  9    0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_5316d4z3_.dbf
  13   0  Incr 11492676   19-JUN-09 /home/oracle/disk2/ORCL/datafile/myts_reorg0.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16      Incr 1  1.13M      DISK        00:01:21     19-JUN-09
        BP Key: 16   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20090619T134207
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2009_06_19/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20090619T134207_53p5rzp9_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 16
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_50sxqqv0_.dbf
  2    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_52d4tltd_.dbf
  3    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_50sxqqvn_.dbf
  4    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_53mk33rr_.dbf
  5    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_53mht8l0_.dbf
  6    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts1_519t7p0h_.dbf
  7    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ts1_519tbfc4_.dbf
  8    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_rcat_ts_53k2b11h_.dbf
  9    1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_5316d4z3_.dbf
  13   1  Incr 11493001   19-JUN-09 /home/oracle/disk2/ORCL/datafile/myts_reorg0.dbf

증분 백업 속도 향상위해 블록 추적을 활성화함.

 S SYS> alter database enable block change tracking;         

   Database altered.

                =>   omf 가 아닌경우 using file '~~' 뒤에 삽입할것. p26참고.

 S SYS> show parameter db_create

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_create_file_dest                  string      /u01/app/oracle/oradata
db_create_online_log_dest_1          string
db_create_online_log_dest_2          string
db_create_online_log_dest_3          string
db_create_online_log_dest_4          string
db_create_online_log_dest_5          string

 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/changetracking
[oracle@orcl changetracking]$ ls
o1_mf_53p62mqg_.chg

change tracking 하는것을 알 수있다.

S SYS> select * from v_$block_change_tracking;

STATUS      FILENAME                                                             BYTES
--------    ----------------------------------------------------------------     -----------   
ENABLED     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/changetracking/o1_mf_53p62mqg_.chg      11599872
 

 해당 폴더에 가서 파일을 보면 변경할때마다 시간정보가 변화는걸 볼 수 있다.

 [oracle@orcl changetracking]$ ls -als
total 11368
    8 drwxr-x---  2 oracle oinstall     4096 Jun 19 13:47 .
    8 drwxr-x---  6 oracle oinstall     4096 Jun 19 13:47 ..
11352 -rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 11600384 Jun 19 13:50 o1_mf_53p62mqg_.chg

[oracle@orcl changetracking]$ ls -als
total 11368
    8 drwxr-x---  2 oracle oinstall     4096 Jun 19 13:47 .
    8 drwxr-x---  6 oracle oinstall     4096 Jun 19 13:47 ..
11352 -rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 11600384 Jun 19 13:54 o1_mf_53p62mqg_.chg

-- RMAN dynamic views

V$ARCHIVED_LOG

V$BACKUP_PIECE

V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION

등등

--Monitoring RMAN Backups